31st Congress (1849–1851): members and party control
1849-03-04 to 1851-03-04. Everyone who served during this Congress, including members who joined or left part-way through.
Senate
House of Representatives
Members by state
Alabama 3 senators, 7 representatives
- William King Senator · Democrat
- Jeremiah Clemens Senator · Democrat
- Benjamin Fitzpatrick Senator · Democrat
- William Alston District 1 · Whig
- Franklin Bowdon District 7 · Democrat
- Henry Hilliard District 2 · Whig
- David Hubbard District 5 · Democrat
- Samuel Inge District 4 · Democrat
- Sampson Harris District 3 · Democrat
- Williamson Cobb District 6 · Democrat
Arkansas 2 senators, 1 representatives
- Solon Borland Senator · Democrat
- William Sebastian Senator · Democrat
- Robert Johnson District 1 · Democrat
California 2 senators, 3 representatives
- John Frémont Senator · Democrat
- William Gwin Senator · Democrat
- Edward Gilbert District -1 · Democrat
- George Wright District -1 · Independent
- Abijah Gilbert District -1 · Democrat
Connecticut 2 senators, 4 representatives
- Roger Baldwin Senator · Whig
- Truman Smith Senator · Whig
- Walter Booth District 2 · Free Soil
- Thomas Butler District 4 · Whig
- Loren Waldo District 1 · Democrat
- Chauncey Cleveland District 3 · Democrat
Delaware 3 senators, 1 representatives
- Presley Spruance Senator · Whig
- John Wales Senator · Whig
- John Clayton Senator · Whig
- John Houston At-large · Whig
Florida 2 senators, 1 representatives
- Jackson Morton Senator · Whig
- David Yulee Senator · Democrat
- Edward Cabell District 1 · Whig
Georgia 2 senators, 9 representatives
- John Berrien Senator · Whig
- William Dawson Senator · Whig
- Thomas C. Hackett District 5 · Democrat
- Hugh Haralson District 4 · Democrat
- Thomas King District 1 · Whig
- Allen Owen District 3 · Whig
- Marshall Wellborn District 2 · Democrat
- Joseph Jackson District 1 · Democrat
- Howell Cobb District 6 · Democrat
- Robert Toombs District 8 · Whig
- Alexander Stephens District 7 · Whig
Illinois 2 senators, 7 representatives
- Stephen Douglas Senator · Democrat
- James Shields Senator · Democrat
- Timothy Young District 3 · Democrat
- William Bissell District 1 · Democrat
- Thomas Harris District 7 · Democrat
- Edward Baker District 6 · Whig
- John McClernand District 2 · Democrat
- William Richardson District 5 · Democrat
- John Wentworth District 4 · Democrat
Indiana 2 senators, 10 representatives
- James Whitcomb Senator · Democrat
- Jesse Bright Senator · Democrat
- Nathaniel Albertson District 1 · Democrat
- William Brown District 5 · Democrat
- Edward McGaughey District 7 · Whig
- Willis Gorman District 6 · Democrat
- John Robinson District 3 · Democrat
- Cyrus Dunham District 2 · Democrat
- Andrew Harlan District 10 · Democrat
- Graham Fitch District 9 · Democrat
- George Julian District 4 · Free Soil
- Joseph McDonald District 8 · Democrat
Iowa 2 senators, 3 representatives
- Augustus Dodge Senator · Democrat
- George Jones Senator · Democrat
- Shepherd Leffler District 2 · Democrat
- Daniel Miller District 1 · Whig
- William Thompson District 1 · Democrat
Kentucky 2 senators, 10 representatives
- Joseph Underwood Senator · Whig
- Henry Clay Senator · Whig
- Daniel Breck District 6 · Whig
- George Caldwell District 4 · Democrat
- James Johnson District 2 · Whig
- Finis McLean District 3 · Whig
- Charles Morehead District 8 · Whig
- Linn Boyd District 1 · Democrat
- Richard Stanton District 10 · Democrat
- John Thompson District 5 · Whig
- Humphrey Marshall District 7 · Whig
- John Mason District 9 · Democrat
Louisiana 2 senators, 6 representatives
- Solomon Downs Senator · Democrat
- Pierre Soulé Senator · Democrat
- Henry Bullard District 2 · Whig
- Charles Conrad District 2 · Whig
- John Harmanson District 3 · Democrat
- Emile La Sére District 1 · Democrat
- Isaac Morse District 4 · Democrat
- Alexander Penn District 3 · Democrat
Maine 2 senators, 7 representatives
- James Bradbury Senator · Democrat
- Hannibal Hamlin Senator · Democrat
- Elbridge Gerry District 1 · Democrat
- Rufus Goodenow District 4 · Whig
- Nathaniel Littlefield District 2 · Democrat
- John Otis District 3 · Whig
- Cullen Sawtelle District 5 · Democrat
- Charles Stetson District 6 · Democrat
- Thomas Fuller District 7 · Democrat
Maryland 4 senators, 6 representatives
- David Stewart Senator · Whig
- Thomas Pratt Senator · Ind. Republican-Democrat
- James Pearce Senator · Whig
- Reverdy Johnson Senator · Whig
- John Kerr District 6 · Whig
- Richard Bowie District 1 · Whig
- Alexander Evans District 5 · Whig
- Edward Hammond District 3 · Democrat
- William Hamilton District 2 · Democrat
- Robert McLane District 4 · Democrat
Massachusetts 4 senators, 9 representatives
- Daniel Webster Senator · Whig
- John Davis Senator · Whig
- Robert Winthrop Senator · Whig
- Robert Rantoul, Jr. Senator · Democrat
- George Ashmun District 6 · Whig
- Samuel Eliot District 1 · Whig
- Joseph Grinnell District 10 · Whig
- Daniel King District 2 · Whig
- Charles Allen District 5 · Free Soil
- James Duncan District 3 · Whig
- Orin Fowler District 9 · Whig
- Horace Mann District 8 · Whig
- Julius Rockwell District 7 · Whig
Michigan 3 senators, 3 representatives
- Alpheus Felch Senator · Democrat
- Thomas Fitzgerald Senator · Democrat
- Lewis Cass Senator · Democrat
- Alexander Buel District 1 · Democrat
- William Sprague District 2 · Whig
- Kinsley Bingham District 3 · Democrat
Minnesota 0 senators, 1 representatives
- Henry Sibley District -1 ·
Mississippi 2 senators, 4 representatives
- Henry Foote Senator · Democrat
- Jefferson Davis Senator · Democrat
- Winfield Featherston District 2 · Democrat
- William McWillie District 3 · Democrat
- Jacob Thompson District 1 · Democrat
- Albert Brown District 4 · Democrat
Missouri 2 senators, 5 representatives
- David Atchison Senator · Democrat
- Thomas Benton Senator · Democrat
- William Bay District 2 · Democrat
- James Bowlin District 1 · Democrat
- Willard Hall District 4 · Democrat
- James Green District 3 · Democrat
- John Phelps District 5 · Democrat
New Hampshire 2 senators, 5 representatives
- Moses Norris, Jr. Senator · Democrat
- John Hale Senator · Free Soil
- James Wilson District 3 · Whig
- Charles Peaslee District 2 · Democrat
- Amos Tuck District 1 · Free Soil
- Harry Hibbard District 4 · Democrat
- George Morrison District 3 · Democrat
New Jersey 2 senators, 5 representatives
- William Dayton Senator · Whig
- Jacob Miller Senator · Whig
- Andrew Hay District 1 · Whig
- James King District 5 · Whig
- John Van Dyke District 4 · Whig
- Isaac Wildrick District 3 · Democrat
- William Newell District 2 · Whig
New York 2 senators, 34 representatives
- Daniel Dickinson Senator · Democrat
- William Seward Senator · Whig
- Henry Alexander District 17 · Whig
- George Andrews District 14 · Whig
- David Bokee District 2 · Whig
- Charles Clarke District 19 · Whig
- Harmon Conger District 25 · Whig
- William Duer District 23 · Whig
- Daniel Gott District 24 · Whig
- Herman Gould District 10 · Whig
- Ransom Halloway District 8 · Whig
- William Jackson District 26 · Whig
- John King District 1 · Whig
- Thomas McKissock District 9 · Whig
- William Nelson District 7 · Whig
- Jonas Phoenix District 3 · Whig
- Harvey Putnam District 33 · Whig
- Gideon Reynolds District 12 · Whig
- Elijah Risley District 31 · Whig
- Robert Rose District 29 · Whig
- David Rumsey District 30 · Whig
- Peter Silvester District 11 · Whig
- John Thurman District 15 · Whig
- Walter Underhill District 4 · Whig
- Hiram Walden District 21 · Democrat
- Hugh White District 16 · Whig
- Lorenzo Burrows District 34 · Whig
- William Sackett District 27 · Whig
- Abraham Schermerhorn District 28 · Whig
- John Schoolcraft District 13 · Whig
- Henry Bennett District 22 · Whig
- Preston King District 18 · Free Soil
- Orsamus Matteson District 20 · Whig
- George Briggs District 5 · Whig
- Elbridge Spaulding District 32 · Whig
- James Brooks District 6 · Whig
North Carolina 2 senators, 9 representatives
- Willie Mangum Senator · Whig
- George Badger Senator · Whig
- Edmund Deberry District 3 · Whig
- Augustine Shepperd District 4 · Whig
- Joseph Caldwell District 2 · Whig
- John Daniel District 6 · Democrat
- David Outlaw District 9 · Whig
- Edward Stanly District 8 · Whig
- Abraham Venable District 5 · Democrat
- William Ashe District 7 · Democrat
- Thomas Clingman District 1 · Whig
Ohio 3 senators, 23 representatives
- Thomas Ewing Senator · Whig
- Salmon Chase Senator · Free Soil
- Thomas Corwin Senator · Whig
- of Ohio Bell District 6 · Whig
- John Crowell District 19 · Whig
- Rodolphus Dickinson District 6 · Democrat
- Nathan Evans District 14 · Whig
- Moses Hoagland District 16 · Democrat
- John Miller District 11 · Democrat
- Jonathan Morris District 7 · Democrat
- Emery Potter District 5 · Democrat
- Joseph Root District 21 · Free Soil
- Samuel Vinton District 12 · Whig
- William Whittlesey District 13 · Democrat
- Amos Wood District 6 · Democrat
- Joseph Cable District 17 · Democrat
- David Cartter District 18 · Democrat
- William Hunter District 15 · Whig
- Charles Sweetser District 10 · Democrat
- Moses Corwin District 4 · Whig
- David Disney District 1 · Democrat
- Edson Olds District 9 · Democrat
- John Taylor District 8 · Whig
- Joshua Giddings District 20 · Free Soil
- Robert Schenck District 3 · Whig
- Lewis Campbell District 2 · Whig
Oregon 0 senators, 1 representatives
- Samuel Thurston District -1 · Democrat
Pennsylvania 2 senators, 26 representatives
- Daniel Sturgeon Senator · Democrat
- James Cooper Senator · Whig
- John Brisbin District 11 · Democrat
- Chester Butler District 11 · Whig
- Samuel Calvin District 17 · Whig
- Joseph Casey District 13 · Whig
- Joel Danner District 15 · Democrat
- Jesse Dickey District 7 · Whig
- John Freedley District 5 · Whig
- Moses Hampton District 21 · Whig
- Lewis Levin District 1 · American
- Job Mann District 19 · Democrat
- Henry Nes District 15 · Whig
- Andrew Ogle District 18 · Whig
- Charles Pitman District 14 · Whig
- Robert Reed District 20 · Whig
- William Strong District 9 · Democrat
- James Thompson District 23 · Democrat
- Milo Dimmick District 10 · Democrat
- Alfred Gilmore District 24 · Democrat
- John W. Howe District 22 · Free Soil
- James McLanahan District 16 · Democrat
- Henry Moore District 3 · Whig
- Thomas Ross District 6 · Democrat
- Joseph Chandler District 2 · Whig
- David Wilmot District 12 · Democrat
- Thaddeus Stevens District 8 · Whig
- John Robbins District 4 · Democrat
Rhode Island 2 senators, 2 representatives
- Albert Greene Senator · Whig
- John Clarke Senator · Whig
- George King District 1 · Whig
- Nathan Dixon District 2 · Whig
South Carolina 5 senators, 7 representatives
- John Calhoun Senator · Democrat
- Robert Barnwell Senator · Democrat
- Franklin Elmore Senator · Democrat
- Robert Rhett Senator · Democrat
- Andrew Butler Senator · Democrat
- Isaac Holmes District 6 · Democrat
- Armistead Burt District 5 · Democrat
- William Colcock District 7 · Democrat
- Daniel Wallace District 1 · Democrat
- Joseph Woodward District 3 · Democrat
- James Orr District 2 · Democrat
- John McQueen District 4 · Democrat
Tennessee 2 senators, 11 representatives
- Hopkins Turney Senator · Democrat
- John Bell Senator · Whig
- Josiah Anderson District 3 · Whig
- Andrew Ewing District 8 · Democrat
- Meredith Gentry District 7 · Whig
- Christopher Williams District 11 · Whig
- Frederick Stanton District 10 · Democrat
- George Jones District 5 · Democrat
- John Savage District 4 · Democrat
- Albert Watkins District 2 · Whig
- James Thomas District 6 · Democrat
- Andrew Johnson District 1 · Democrat
- Isham Harris District 9 · Democrat
Texas 2 senators, 2 representatives
- Thomas Rusk Senator · Democrat
- Samuel Houston Senator · Democrat
- David Kaufman District 1 · Democrat
- Volney Howard District 2 · Democrat
Vermont 2 senators, 5 representatives
- William Upham Senator · Whig
- Samuel Phelps Senator · Whig
- William Henry District 1 · Whig
- George Marsh District 3 · Whig
- Lucius Peck District 4 · Democrat
- William Hebard District 2 · Whig
- James Meacham District 3 · Whig
Virginia 2 senators, 16 representatives
- James Mason Senator · Democrat
- Robert Hunter Senator · Democrat
- Thomas Haymond District 15 · Whig
- James McDowell District 11 · Democrat
- Jeremiah Morton District 9 · Whig
- Alexander Newman District 15 · Democrat
- Richard Parker District 10 · Democrat
- James Seddon District 6 · Democrat
- Thomas Averett District 3 · Democrat
- James Beale District 14 · Democrat
- Alexander Holladay District 8 · Democrat
- Richard Meade District 2 · Democrat
- Thomas Bayly District 7 · Democrat
- Fayette McMullen District 13 · Democrat
- Paulus Powell District 5 · Democrat
- Thomas Bocock District 4 · Democrat
- Henry Edmundson District 12 · Democrat
- John Millson District 1 · Democrat
Wisconsin 2 senators, 3 representatives
- Isaac Walker Senator · Democrat
- Henry Dodge Senator · Democrat
- Orsamus Cole District 2 · Whig
- James Doty District 3 · Democrat
- Charles Durkee District 1 · Free Soil
Source: congress-legislators (public domain).