Every U.S. Congress, 1789–2027: party control of the Senate and House

Counts are everyone who served in each chamber at any point during the Congress, so deaths, resignations and replacements can push a chamber above its number of seats.

Congress	Years	Senate	House
119th	2025–2027	Republican 57 · Democratic 45	Republican 226 · Democratic 224
118th	2023–2025	Republican 50 · Democratic 49	Republican 230 · Democratic 221
117th	2021–2023	Republican 51 · Democratic 47	Democratic 232 · Republican 223
116th	2019–2021	Republican 54 · Democratic 44	Democratic 240 · Republican 206
115th	2017–2019	Republican 55 · Democratic 48	Republican 252 · Democratic 204
114th	2015–2017	Republican 54 · Democratic 44	Republican 252 · Democratic 194
113th	2013–2015	Democratic 56 · Republican 46	Republican 240 · Democratic 210
112th	2011–2013	Democratic 52 · Republican 47	Republican 245 · Democratic 206
111th	2009–2011	Democratic 64 · Republican 42	Democratic 268 · Republican 183
110th	2007–2009	Democratic 50 · Republican 49	Democratic 246 · Republican 207
109th	2005–2007	Republican 54 · Democratic 45	Republican 237 · Democratic 207
108th	2003–2005	Republican 51 · Democratic 48	Republican 232 · Democratic 211
107th	2001–2003	Republican 51 · Democratic 50	Republican 228 · Democratic 217
106th	1999–2001	Republican 56 · Democratic 46	Republican 224 · Democratic 216
105th	1997–1999	Republican 55 · Democratic 45	Republican 231 · Democratic 217
104th	1995–1997	Republican 55 · Democratic 46	Republican 237 · Democratic 207
103rd	1993–1995	Democratic 56 · Republican 47	Democratic 266 · Republican 181
102nd	1991–1993	Democratic 59 · Republican 45	Democratic 277 · Republican 170
101st	1989–1991	Democratic 55 · Republican 45	Democratic 270 · Republican 180
100th	1987–1989	Democratic 55 · Republican 46	Democratic 267 · Republican 181
99th	1985–1987	Republican 53 · Democratic 48	Democratic 261 · Republican 184
98th	1983–1985	Republican 55 · Democratic 46	Democratic 278 · Republican 168
97th	1981–1983	Republican 54 · Democratic 47	Democratic 250 · Republican 196
96th	1979–1981	Democratic 59 · Republican 42	Democratic 282 · Republican 161
95th	1977–1979	Democratic 66 · Republican 41	Democratic 297 · Republican 147
94th	1975–1977	Democratic 64 · Republican 40	Democratic 300 · Republican 148
93rd	1973–1975	Democratic 59 · Republican 44	Democratic 250 · Republican 195
92nd	1971–1973	Democratic 58 · Republican 43	Democratic 260 · Republican 185
91st	1969–1971	Democratic 58 · Republican 43	Democratic 250 · Republican 199
90th	1967–1969	Democratic 65 · Republican 39	Democratic 252 · Republican 188
89th	1965–1967	Democratic 72 · Republican 32	Democratic 302 · Republican 143
88th	1963–1965	Democratic 70 · Republican 34	Democratic 265 · Republican 182
87th	1961–1963	Democratic 66 · Republican 43	Democratic 274 · Republican 176
86th	1959–1961	Democratic 69 · Republican 36	Democratic 289 · Republican 159
85th	1957–1959	Democratic 54 · Republican 48	Democratic 243 · Republican 203
84th	1955–1957	Democratic 51 · Republican 49	Democratic 238 · Republican 204
83rd	1953–1955	Republican 56 · Democratic 55	Republican 222 · Democratic 221
82nd	1951–1953	Republican 52 · Democratic 50	Democratic 244 · Republican 208
81st	1949–1951	Democratic 62 · Republican 46	Democratic 269 · Republican 177
80th	1947–1949	Republican 52 · Democratic 48	Republican 254 · Democratic 199
79th	1945–1947	Democratic 65 · Republican 48	Democratic 256 · Republican 196
78th	1943–1945	Democratic 60 · Republican 42	Democratic 230 · Republican 219
77th	1941–1943	Democratic 76 · Republican 31	Democratic 277 · Republican 171
76th	1939–1941	Democratic 72 · Republican 28	Democratic 277 · Republican 179
75th	1937–1939	Democratic 81 · Republican 20	Democratic 343 · Republican 95
74th	1935–1937	Democratic 77 · Republican 27	Democratic 329 · Republican 106
73rd	1933–1935	Democratic 64 · Republican 36	Democratic 324 · Republican 120
72nd	1931–1933	Republican 52 · Democratic 51	Democratic 231 · Republican 226
71st	1929–1931	Republican 64 · Democratic 44	Republican 281 · Democratic 179
70th	1927–1929	Republican 53 · Democratic 48	Republican 250 · Democratic 199
69th	1925–1927	Republican 61 · Democratic 42	Republican 255 · Democratic 186
68th	1923–1925	Republican 58 · Democratic 43	Republican 234 · Democratic 220
67th	1921–1923	Republican 65 · Democratic 40	Republican 316 · Democratic 139
66th	1919–1921	Democratic 49 · Republican 49	Republican 250 · Democratic 206
65th	1917–1919	Democratic 62 · Republican 48	Democratic 228 · Republican 227
64th	1915–1917	Democratic 58 · Republican 42	Democratic 235 · Republican 202
63rd	1913–1915	Democratic 56 · Republican 45	Democratic 304 · Republican 141
62nd	1911–1913	Republican 56 · Democratic 50	Democratic 237 · Republican 174
61st	1909–1911	Republican 62 · Democratic 39	Republican 225 · Democratic 180
60th	1907–1909	Republican 65 · Democratic 36	Republican 232 · Democratic 172
59th	1905–1907	Republican 60 · Democratic 34	Republican 264 · Democratic 143
58th	1903–1905	Republican 59 · Democratic 33	Republican 220 · Democratic 183
57th	1901–1903	Republican 57 · Democratic 32	Republican 211 · Democratic 161
56th	1899–1901	Republican 57 · Democratic 30	Republican 201 · Democratic 172
55th	1897–1899	Republican 47 · Democratic 40	Republican 212 · Democratic 134
54th	1895–1897	Republican 43 · Democratic 40	Republican 260 · Democratic 108
53rd	1893–1895	Democratic 50 · Republican 40	Democratic 232 · Republican 136
52nd	1891–1893	Republican 49 · Democratic 42	Democratic 251 · Republican 93
51st	1889–1891	Republican 50 · Democratic 38	Republican 189 · Democratic 173
50th	1887–1889	Republican 40 · Democratic 37	Democratic 175 · Republican 157
49th	1885–1887	Republican 45 · Democratic 39	Democratic 193 · Republican 146
48th	1883–1885	Republican 41 · Democratic 36	Democratic 209 · Republican 130
47th	1881–1883	Republican 45 · Democratic 38	Republican 161 · Democratic 143
46th	1879–1881	Democratic 45 · Republican 36	Democratic 150 · Republican 141
45th	1877–1879	Republican 42 · Democratic 40	Democratic 161 · Republican 148
44th	1875–1877	Republican 47 · Democratic 33	Democratic 193 · Republican 116
43rd	1873–1875	Republican 54 · Democratic 20	Republican 210 · Democratic 100
42nd	1871–1873	Republican 54 · Democratic 19	Republican 148 · Democratic 110
41st	1869–1871	Republican 60 · Democratic 11	Republican 187 · Democratic 78
40th	1867–1869	Republican 56 · Democratic 13	Republican 184 · Democratic 55
39th	1865–1867	Republican 45 · Democratic 13	Republican 145 · Democratic 49
38th	1863–1865	Republican 38 · Democratic 15	Republican 91 · Democratic 79
37th	1861–1863	Republican 39 · Democratic 31	Republican 116 · Democratic 53
36th	1859–1861	Democratic 42 · Republican 26	Republican 121 · Democratic 89
35th	1857–1859	Democratic 44 · Republican 22	Democratic 141 · Republican 95
34th	1855–1857	Democratic 38 · Republican 10	Independent 100 · Democratic 92
33rd	1853–1855	Democratic 44 · Whig 12	Democratic 166 · Whig 79
32nd	1851–1853	Democratic 41 · Whig 19	Democratic 134 · Whig 91
31st	1849–1851	Democratic 41 · Whig 29	Democratic 122 · Whig 112
30th	1847–1849	Democratic 49 · Whig 23	Whig 120 · Democratic 115
29th	1845–1847	Democratic 38 · Whig 26	Democratic 153 · Whig 83
28th	1843–1845	Whig 29 · Democratic 29	Democratic 156 · Whig 80
27th	1841–1843	Whig 34 · Democratic 25	Whig 151 · Democratic 109
26th	1839–1841	Democratic 32 · Whig 23	Democratic 132 · Whig 122
25th	1837–1839	Democratic 40 · Whig 19	Democratic 137 · Whig 110
24th	1835–1837	Democratic 21 · Whig 14	Jacksonian 157 · Whig 70
23rd	1833–1835	Jacksonian 21 · Anti-Jacksonian 12	Jacksonian 151 · Whig 34
22nd	1831–1833	Jacksonian 28 · Anti-Jacksonian 18	Jacksonian 135 · Whig 24
21st	1829–1831	Jacksonian 30 · Anti-Jacksonian 20	Jacksonian 145 · Unknown 42
20th	1827–1829	Jacksonian 29 · Anti-Jacksonian 24	Jacksonian 118 · Anti-Jacksonian 104
19th	1825–1827	Jacksonian 29 · Anti-Jacksonian 25	Anti-Jacksonian 113 · Jacksonian 112
18th	1823–1825	Republican 20 · Jacksonian 14	Unknown 128 · Republican 35
17th	1821–1823	Republican 39 · Anti-Jacksonian 5	Republican 166 · Federalist 36
16th	1819–1821	Republican 40 · Federalist 10	Republican 171 · Federalist 27
15th	1817–1819	Republican 33 · Federalist 14	Republican 154 · Federalist 40
14th	1815–1817	Republican 28 · Federalist 14	Republican 138 · Federalist 67
13th	1813–1815	Republican 32 · Federalist 11	Republican 125 · Federalist 72
12th	1811–1813	Republican 29 · Federalist 7	Republican 111 · Federalist 37
11th	1809–1811	Republican 35 · Federalist 8	Republican 102 · Federalist 51
10th	1807–1809	Republican 32 · Federalist 7	Republican 122 · Federalist 28
9th	1805–1807	Republican 31 · Federalist 7	Republican 121 · Federalist 31
8th	1803–1805	Republican 32 · Federalist 11	Republican 107 · Federalist 40
7th	1801–1803	Federalist 19 · Republican 19	Republican 73 · Federalist 42
6th	1799–1801	Federalist 25 · Republican 13	Federalist 63 · Republican 49
5th	1797–1799	Federalist 28 · Republican 14	Federalist 64 · Republican 52
4th	1795–1797	Federalist 26 · Republican 13	Republican 60 · Federalist 53
3rd	1793–1795	Federalist 13 · Republican 7	Unknown 43 · Federalist 27
2nd	1791–1793	Pro-Administration 9 · Anti-Administration 8	Unknown 35 · Federalist 19
1st	1789–1791	Pro-Administration 16 · Anti-Administration 8	Unknown 36 · Federalist 16

Source: congress-legislators (public domain). Party labels are those recorded for each term (early labels such as “Jackson” and “Adams” are factions).